The recent announcement by the Ghana Health Service (GHS) that the Ministry of Health is closely monitoring a confirmed outbreak of Marburg virus disease in Ethiopia has placed Ghana on high alert. According to the Ethiopian Public Health Institute, nine cases and three deaths had been reported as of November 14, 2025. This development has triggered immediate preventive measures in Ghana, given the frequent travel between the two countries. The GHS stated that “the Ministry of Health and its agencies are taking preventive measures to ensure the safety of Ghanaians,” a declaration that reflects the seriousness of the situation.
Marburg virus disease, caused by the Marburg virus, is a highly infectious illness that can be transmitted from animals to humans and also between humans. It is often compared to Ebola due to its severity and similar transmission patterns. Symptoms include fever, bloody diarrhoea, bleeding from the gums, bleeding into the skin and eyes, and bloody urine. The incubation period ranges from two to twenty-one days, and treatment is symptomatic, as there is currently no vaccine available. The Ghana Health Service has advised the public to watch out for these symptoms and report to the nearest health facility if they occur. In the words of Dr. Samuel Kaba Akoriyea, Acting Director-General of the GHS, “all necessary measures are being taken to ensure safety.”
The preventive measures being rolled out in Ghana are comprehensive. Surveillance has been heightened at points of entry, alerts have been issued to all regions and health facilities, and public health emergency response structures have been activated. The GHS is also engaging with One Health partners such as the Veterinary Services Directorate and the Wildlife Division of the Forestry Commission. This multi-sectoral approach reflects the recognition that Marburg virus disease is not only a human health issue but also one that involves animals and the environment.
Public health experts emphasize that basic infection prevention and control measures remain the most effective tools against the spread of Marburg virus. These include regular hand hygiene, avoiding contact with sick individuals, and steering clear of animals showing symptoms of bleeding. The GHS has urged citizens to remain vigilant, stressing that “the public is advised to watch out for these symptoms and report to the nearest health facility if they occur.” This advice is crucial, as early detection and isolation of cases can significantly reduce the risk of widespread transmission.
The outbreak in Ethiopia has raised concerns not only in Ghana but across the African continent. With increasing mobility and interconnectedness, infectious diseases can cross borders rapidly. Ghana’s proactive stance demonstrates the importance of preparedness in public health. By issuing alerts, strengthening surveillance, and engaging multiple stakeholders, the country is positioning itself to prevent the introduction and spread of Marburg virus disease within its borders.
The Marburg virus outbreak also highlights the need for global cooperation in tackling infectious diseases. International health organizations and governments must work together to share data, resources, and expertise. Ghana’s response, which includes collaboration with veterinary and wildlife authorities, reflects a holistic approach that could serve as a model for other nations. The One Health concept—recognizing the interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment—is particularly relevant in addressing zoonotic diseases like Marburg.
For ordinary citizens, the outbreak is a reminder of the importance of personal responsibility in health matters. Simple actions such as washing hands regularly, avoiding unnecessary travel to affected areas, and seeking medical attention when symptoms arise can make a significant difference. The GHS has emphasized that “basic infection prevention and control measures, such as regular hand hygiene and avoiding contact with sick individuals or animals showing symptoms of bleeding, are recommended.” This message must resonate across communities to ensure collective safety.
The Marburg virus disease is not new to Africa, having caused outbreaks in countries such as Angola, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo in the past. However, each outbreak presents unique challenges, and the current situation in Ethiopia highlights the need for vigilance. Ghana’s readiness to respond is commendable, but sustained efforts are required to maintain public awareness and preparedness.
In conclusion, Ghana’s heightened alert in response to the Marburg virus outbreak in Ethiopia is a critical step in safeguarding public health. The measures being implemented—from surveillance at points of entry to public education campaigns—demonstrate a comprehensive approach to disease prevention.
The words of Dr. Samuel Kaba Akoriyea, “all necessary measures are being taken to ensure safety,” capture the essence of Ghana’s commitment to protecting its citizens. As the world continues to grapple with emerging infectious diseases, Ghana’s proactive response serves as a reminder that vigilance, preparedness, and collective action are essential in the fight against deadly viruses.
Sources: Ghana on high alert as Marburg virus outbreak in Ethiopia sparks precautions
